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SMS Friedrich Carl – circa 1905 – Leading a squadron of Wittelsbach Class pre-dreadnoughts on training exercises off Heligoland Island. IMPERIAL DOCKYARDS: CUXHAVEN By: Dreadnought & AP Chapter 05: "AN ILL-FATED LOT...” While the Reichsmarineamt (Imperial Navy Office) played politics with the Reichstag, and their naval architects experimented with Furst Bismarck and Prinz Heinrich, the clock was ticking. The German Naval Command knew other powers would begin building their own armored cruisers – it was the only plausible defense against commerce raiding cruisers. The armored cruiser was designed to be the perfect concept to both attack an enemy’s commerce, and to destroy his commerce raiders. HMS Cressy – circa 1901. The British, of course, were terrified at the thought of half a dozen commerce raiders loose on the Empire’s sea lanes. And they did not experiment, nor did they dither around. Between 1901 and 1904 they commissioned six ships of the Cressy Class. The Cressy’s were big at 12,000 tons and 472 feet in length. They were certainly designed larger than other nation’s cruisers because they were expected to operate alone on distant colonial stations. They were powered by 30 Belleville boilers, driving two 4-cylinder triple expansion engines, coupled to twin shafts, for a top speed of 21 knots (though Cressy proved to be the slowest of her class at 20.7 knots). The class was given a main battery of two 9.2 inch guns in single turrets, one fore and one aft, and were capable of 3-4 rounds per minute out to a range of approximately 19,000 yards. The Cressy’s had a secondary battery of twelve 6 inch guns arranged in casemates amidships. However, eight of the casemates were on the main deck level and were useless in any sort of seaway. The guns were capable of 8 rounds per minute out to approximately 16,000 yards. Another dozen 3 inch guns were provided for torpedo boat defense and could fire 15 rounds per minute to a range of about 12,000 yards. Two submerged torpedo tubes were also installed. The class was given an armor belt of 6 inches, closed at the ends by 5 inch transverse bulkheads, forming an armored citadel (box). The main battery gun turrets and barbettes were 6 inches with 5 inches on the casemates. The protected armor deck was 1 inch with 3 inch sloping sides and the conning tower was an amazing 12 inches. Sinking of HMS Cressy. The Cressy Class could be considered an ill-fated lot, with only three of the six ships surviving the Great War. And the other three sisterships made the history books when they were torpedoed and sunk within an hour and thirty-five minutes. The morning of 22 September, 1914, found Cressy, Aboukir, and Hogue on patrol off the “Broad Fourteens” along the Dutch coast. They were without destroyer escorts because those had sought shelter from heavy seas during the night. The cruisers were steaming at 10 knots, north by east in line abreast, about 2,000 yards apart. They were positioned to intercept any German warships that might attempt to interfere with British troop convoys to France. That same morning, the German submarine U-9 surfaced, after laying on the bottom overnight to avoid the storm, and sighted the cruisers. The submarine was, indeed, on it’s way to seek the troop convoys, but the cruisers were too tempting a target. Kapitanleutnant Otto Weddigen fired his first torpedo at Aboukir, striking her starboard side around 06:20. The British Captain thought he had struck a mine and signaled the other two cruisers to close and lend assistance. That signal, and the fact that Royal Navy captains were only just learning the danger a submarine presented, doomed all three ships. Aboukir went down in 30 minutes. Hogue was hit by two torpedoes at 06:55 and went down in 10 minutes. And Cressy, still trying to rescue survivors, was hit by two torpedoes, took on a list, and capsized in 35 minutes. Otto Weddigen, having emptied his torpedo tubes, was on his way home by 07:55. Sixty-two officers and 1,397 enlisted men were lost that morning, and the Royal Navy learned a brutal lesson in a tragically awful way. U-9 – “manning the side” – receives the salute as she makes her way through the fleet in Wilhelmshaven. The warships behind her are the pre-dreadnought battleships of the II Battle Squadron. Kapitanleutnant Weddingen was lauded as a hero by his countrymen and received the “Iron Cross, Second and First Class” for his action. No surprise – the British thought the submarine...”A damned un-English weapon”...and their propaganda painted Weddingen as a “pirate”. Weddinmgen would go on to receive the “Pour le Merite” – before meeting his death in March 1915, when his submarine was rammed and sunk by HMS Dreadnought in the Pentland Firth. (Willy Stower) HMS Drake – circa 1909. This picture clearly shows the secondary guns “stacked” along the hull in two rows. The bottom row was at main deck level and, when at high speed or in rough weather, they were completely awash and of no use. A serious fault built into the Cressy’s and continued in several subsequent classes. The Admiralty doubled-down between 1902-1903 with a new design and four more armored cruisers of the Drake Class. The Drake’s were considerably larger, and improved versions of the Cressy Class, laid down specifically in response to the new French armored cruiser Jeanne d’Arc. These ships were 14,150 tons displacement and 533 feet long, with an unusually deep draft of 26 feet, which produced a very stable gun platform and an excellent sea boat. The ships retained the same engines and twin screw arrangement, but the longer length was filled by a rising total of boilers – 43 Bellevilles, this time. The added boiler muscle meant the Drake’s could easily reach their designed speed of 23 knots on trials. The new cruisers kept the same armament and gun layout as in the Cressy Class, and basically the same armor scheme, with the exception of changing the protected armor deck to 1.25 inches thick with 2.5 inches of sloping armor. If you examine the German and British ships and their commissioning dates, you see a pattern developing early on in the 20th Century. In the time it took the Imperial Navy to design, build, commission, and evaluate Furst Bismarck and Prinz Heinrich – the Royal Navy commissioned ten roughly equal armored cruisers. This disparity was to dog the Imperial Navy for its’ entire life span. And though many analysts and historians are quick to cite the disparity, it is too readily dismissed as a simple inability of German shipyards to build “more” and “fast”. But, I’m afraid, it is more complicated than that. Great Britain had well over two centuries of naval supremacy to her credit. Britain was an island -- she had the means to build many ships, the wealth of an entire empire to pay for them, senior officers to direct them, seagoing officers to command them, and politicians who understood the very life of the Empire depended upon them. Britain had long experience in producing the warships necessary to project seapower around the globe and control any sea zone she wished. In fact, the Royal Navy was so critical and successful an instrument of power politics, that Britain possessed no army to speak of. (Raising an army of millions to fight in the WW I trenches would kill an entire generation of young men and ultimately cripple the British Empire beyond recovery.) Germany, on the other hand, was the exact opposite. Prussia/Germany had an illustrious military heritage dating back to Frederick The Great. And, more recently, her army had beaten the dominant European land power in the Franco-Prussian War. At the turn of the 20th Century, the Imperial German Army was the largest, best equipped, best trained, and best led army on the Continent. (The Tsarist armies might have been larger, but they were abominably equipped, shockingly poorly led, and logistics was an unknown science.) The German Great General Staff was the finest collection of military minds and experience on the planet. And, what’s more, the Reichstag understood the Army – and were in agreement (mostly) that it was THE instrument of defense, power, and decision. They agreed that if the French raised a division, Germany must raise two – and they voted the funds. But -- one naval-oriented member of the Reichstag, when asked about naval estimates, said flatly…...”How am I to convince a Silesian farmer that he needs to pay for a battleship?” So Germany had no naval heritage to rely upon, nor did she have centuries of experience in building warships and employing them as a political tool. Their lack of reliance on warships explained why their shipyards were smaller and fewer in number. Since Germany had so little experience in naval matters, her senior officers were less able to formulate plans for a future they could not foresee. This, in turn, made it difficult to influence ship designs that would effectively meet the needs of the navy. And -- since the existing shipyards did not have a lot of experience building warships, it took them almost twice as long. And all of this brings into focus the three problems that, in effect, prohibited Imperial Germany from building “more” and “fast”. (1) It took longer to identify an optimal ship design, (2) Building “one-off” ships – or infrequent ships – prevented shipyards from developing techniques, streamlined procedures, and staff experienced in building complicated ships. And (3) The Reichstag’s reluctance to fully fund a navy they simply did not understand, effectively prevented any solution to the first two problems. But the Naval Laws of 1898, 1900, 1906, 1908, and 1912, at least provided partial relief to the funding. It was not enough money, and would never be enough. But at least the work of building a fleet could proceed. PRINZ ADALBERT CLASS ARMORED CRUISERS SMS Prinz Adalbert seen at high speed during sea trials in January, 1904. The Reichstag passed the Naval Law of 1898, outlining a force of 12 armored cruisers. The original intent of the Naval Office was to design them for use on colonial stations, while a further cruiser force was to be built for scouting duties with the Hochseeflotte. But the Reichstag balked at such a large expenditure during the original negotiations, and the Naval Office had to settle for a cruiser design that could perform both duties. After all, Tirpitz’ paramount objective was to get the law passed to guarantee regular additions to the strength of the fleet – a procedure quite new to the Reichstag budgeting process. Let’s face it – 12 cruisers were better than none! The new law called for one armored cruiser per year, and 1898 produced the Prinz Heinrich design – an altered version of the Furst Bismarck. While remaining within the Naval Law’s budget allowance, they basically cut back on gun power and rearranged the armor into a reduced, more comprehensive scheme, to make a trade-off for increased speed and lower cost. The Second Naval Law, of 1900, increased the planned armored cruisers to 14 and produced a design for two armored cruisers of the Prinz Adalbert Class. Both ships were laid down in 1900 -- Prinz Adalbert at Kaiserwerft, Kiel, and Friedrich Carl at Blohm & Voss, Hamburg. The class was, as usual, based on the previous Prinz Heinrich, but in the important points, they were a significant improvement. The basic hull size and shape remained the same, but armament and armoring schemes were altered. SMS Prinz Adalbert – plan profile. By this stage of cruiser development, the naval architects and seagoing officers were beginning to question the viability of mounting only two heavy guns on a warship. The naval officers were always worried about battle damage -- an accepted risk. But – could only two slow-firing 9.4 inch guns lay down enough fire to suppress an enemy quickly? (One of Adm. Jackie Fisher’s favorite axioms was – “Hit fast...hit hard...and keep hitting!”) So the decision was made to go back to four guns in twin turrets, with calibers reduced to 8.3 inch – a faster firing gun of roughly comparable hitting power. This might seem like an erroneous conclusion, but in 1 minute of firing, the 9.4 inch gun could deliver three shells with a total weight of 930 pounds. In the same minute, the 8.3 inch gun could deliver five shells with a total weight of 1,190 pounds. Plus – the effect of more shells falling faster would be quite disconcerting on the receiving end. This was the “Volume Of Fire” theory – more shells, faster – “smother” the target. In opposition was the “Big Gun” school of thought. Big gun advocates pointed out that a bigger shell would strike harder, penetrate deeper, and cause more damage. In the end, both theories were based on the number of hits that could be scored – a somewhat more dubious reality. The science of long range gunnery was just beginning to be recognized as critical to success, but was not yet widely accepted as the key to victory. Fire control systems and actual gunnery practice were among Fisher’s Royal Navy reforms – but “old school” admirals tended to ignore such things. Fortunately for the Imperial Navy, the Kaiser was excessively proud of his ship’s gunnery, and held frequent competitions with annual awards for excellence. This would pay off handsomely in later years. Ultimately, the decision to switch to a lighter, faster-firing gun was a political decision. The Reichstag would not agree to additional funds to put the larger 9.4 inch gun on the cruisers. Consequently, the switch to 8.3 inch main battery guns would become a permanent fixture on all armored cruisers – and it would similarly influence the main battery caliber on dreadnought battleships. In view of the Imperial Navy’s skilled shooting – the bigger gun would have been the better investment. Here are the two ships of the Prinz Adalbert Class, riding at their moorings along the breakwater in the West Loch. Prinz Adalbert is moored outboard, and Friederich Carl is tied up at the mooring points. Cruisers assigned to the Hochseeflotte spent quite a lot of time at moorings – when not making port calls around Europe, or making training cruises – or escorting the Kaiser’s yacht. The steam tug (by WolfZe) is towing two barges loaded with fresh foodstuffs, headed for one of the other cruisers. With the exception of WolfZe’s tug, all the other beautiful ship models are courtesy of @AP. The armoring scheme for the Adalbert’s was improved, somewhat, by adjusting the placement of the various plates and adding an oblique armored bulkhead to connect the upper belt armor to the turret barbettes. The protected armor deck thickness was increased and a new propulsion plant used, giving a marginal increase in speed, with a slight increase in operating radius. The coal bunkers were adjusted to carry more coal, but the object was to spread them over a greater area of the hull to increase the layers of protection. Tests proved that a full coal bunker absorbed a great deal of destructive energy from incoming shells. This practice had been somewhat overlooked in the Prinz Heinrich, but became a standard feature on all Imperial warships beginning with the Prinz Adalbert Class. The crewmen on Prinz Adalbert have used the ship’s crane to swing a boat out in preparation for going ashore. The ship already has a boat boom rigged and a cutter has just returned with some green bags in the stern sheets – possibly mail. A dispatch boat has also just pulled alongside. We chose the British 75 foot motor launch from 1915 as a dispatch boat – it looked like the perfect “errand boy” for a naval base. It is a small model, but “AP” has worked a lot of detail into it. The boat boom, cutter, and dispatch boat are props, on a 1x1 lot plopped adjacent to the cruiser model The Prinz Adalbert Class displaced 8,943 tons with a length of 415 feet and a beam of 64 feet. Fourteen coal-fired water-tube boilers powered three triple-expansion engines driving three screws at a speed of 20 knots (though both ships slightly exceeded their design speeds on sea trials). The radius of operation was 5,850 miles at 12 knots. The assigned crew was 35 officers and 551 enlisted men. Over on the left of the picture is a Jupiter Class collier tied up to a “barrel buoy” (both by “AP”). The steam tug has a “double tow” of lighters, and it should be mentioned that the length of the tow hawser to the first lighter should, in reality, be about three times as long. But for visual effect in the game, I have shortened the tow. The class was armed with four 8.3 inch SK-L/40 (QF) guns mounted in twin turrets, one fore and one aft. The secondary armament of ten 5.9 inch guns followed the now standard “slab-sided” arrangement amidships in turrets and turreted casemates. They also carried the obligatory dozen 3.5 inch guns for torpedo boat defense. Four 17.7 inch submerged torpedo tubes were mounted -- one in the bow, one in the stern, and one on each broadside. The mooring points in the picture are patterned after those used in Pearl Harbor and were provided by @Mattb325. I re-lotted them and added lights, rope coils, and sailors – everything you would expect to see with a mooring party. The armor scheme seems repetitive, from class to class, but there were always subtle adjustments and additions that continued to improve the system. The ship’s were plated with the new Krupp’s Cemented Armor with 3.9 inches on the belt, barbettes, and new oblique bulkheads. The bow and stern of the ships were left unarmored. (This practice had now become quite common as a weight-saving device, but future repercussions would prove it to have been an ill-conceived concept.) The protective armored deck was 1.6 inches with sloping sides of 3.1 inches. The main battery turrets were faced with 5.9 inch armor as was the forward conning tower. Some bulkheads were rearranged from the previous design and one more watertight compartment added to improve internal protection. When finished, Prinz Adalbert and Friedrich Carl, had each cost the Imperial Government 16.4 million Goldmarks. (Goldmarks were the official currency of the Empire and were valued at about five to the English Pound.) After commissioning, both ships served in a wide variety of functions – everything from the “Tangier Crisis” of 1905, to escorting the Kaiser on his Mediterranean vacations, and the normal training exercises and pre-war fleet maneuvers with the Hochseeflotte. This is a detail shot – and if you look closely, you will find a wealth of detail and even some crewmen training on their guns. The lighter in the top corner is a little gem. There is a lot of detail “AP” worked into the barge, itself – in addition to a superb job of modeling the food crates. The breakwaters are by “Uki”. Shortly after war broke out in 1914, Friedrich Carl was assigned to the Cruiser Division Baltic, where she served as flagship. August, September, and October were spent patrolling off the German coast and making offensive sweeps around Libau and into the Gulf of Finland. On 16 November, 1914, Friedrich Carl joined a force being assembled to bombard Libau, which was suspected of being used as a base for British submarines operating in the Baltic Sea. Around 01:46 on the 17th, she was 38 miles west of Memel when she entered a Russian-laid minefield and struck one to starboard. Friedrich Carl immediately altered course to return to Memel, but struck a second mine at 01:57. She began taking on water, but remained afloat long enough for the light cruiser Augsburg to remove the crew. Abandoned to sink, she did so around 07:15. Only eight crewmen were lost. One more detail shot. Prinz Adalbert was assigned as flagship of the IV Scouting Group of the Hochseeflotte upon the outbreak of hostilities in 1914. In November, when Friedrich Carl was sunk, she was detached and assigned to the Cruiser Division Baltic Sea to take her place. On 1 July, 1915, a minelaying operation north of Bogskar was returning when it was ambushed by a Russian Squadron of three armored cruisers and two light cruisers. When the situation report came in, Prinz Adalbert and Prinz Heinrich immediately sortied in support. While en route, the cruisers steamed across the path of the British submarine E-9, which slammed a torpedo into Prinz Adalbert just below the conning tower, causing severe damage and killing ten. The armored cruiser laid in a course for the Kaiserwerft, Danzig – but taking in 2,000 tons of water made her too deep for the shallow entrance. Instead, she had to limp all the way to Kiel to find a channel deep enough to admit her to port, arriving on July 4th. Repairs were completed in September, 1915. On October 19th, Prinz Adalbert was ordered to take up a patrol line between Faro and Dagerot. Some 20 miles west of Libau, en route to her patrol area, she was steaming in company with two destroyers when she encountered the British submarine E-8. The submarine loosed a spread of torpedoes at 1,300 yards and within seconds, a massive explosion ripped the cruiser apart. She went down instantly, with only three survivors from her 675 man crew. In all probability, one or more torpedoes struck near a powder magazine and detonated the contents. She lies in 240 feet of water, broken in half like a match stick. It might be said that the Prinz Adalbert’s, too, were an ill-fated class. But what could be more truly said, was that the Baltic Sea might have been a “small show” compared to the North Sea – but it was infinitely more deadly. THE COMPETITION The evolution of the Imperial German cruiser force must always be viewed within the context of the era and the prevailing environment. Nothing exists in a vacuum and warships are no exception. In 1905, the big news in the world, and Europe in particular, was the humiliating defeat suffered by the Russians in the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-1905. The modern Japanese Imperial Navy had easily defeated the less numerous and less modern Russian Pacific Fleet. Then, at the Battle Of Tsushima, they defeated the even less modern Russian Baltic Fleet sent all the way around Africa. At the same time, the Japanese Imperial Army, at great cost of human life, captured Port Arthur and drove the Russian army out of Manchuria. The defeat came as a great shock to Europeans, in general, and the Americans in particular, because it signaled a major shift in the balance of power in Asia. It also altered the power balance in Europe. Russia was devastated and would take many years to regain her strength. This automatically (though only temporarily) removed the potential military/political threat on the borders of the Austro-Hungarian and German Empires. The politicians and generals were emboldened because they no longer feared the “Russian Juggernaut” in the East. Edward VII, King of England, Scotland, Ireland, and Wales, and of the British Dominions beyond the Seas, and Emperor of India. Reigned 1901 – 1910. In his coronation robes. Political tensions would rise and crises would multiply in the coming years, but the King-Emperor, Edward VII, sat on the throne of Great Britain. Both Kaiser Wilhelm II and Czar Nicholas II were his nephews, and Edward spent a great deal of time smoothing the political waves in Europe. They did not call him “Edward The Peacemaker” for nothing. He achieved more useful political maneuvering than all his ministers put together. During his brief ten-year reign, he turned the French from enemies to allies, sympathized with Nicholas II, and did his best to still Wilhelm’s saber-rattling. But Edward was no fool. The King actively backed Admiral Jackie Fisher’s reforms of the Royal Navy, the much-needed reorganization and distribution of the fleet, and encouraged Admiral Fisher in his design and building of the revolutionary HMS Dreadnought. Edward knew diplomacy was all well and good, but it would fail without a strong, modern fleet to back it up. And Jackie Fisher was the man to build that fleet. Fisher always kept his “eye on the ball” and followed naval developments in France, Austro-Hungary, Japan, and even in America. But most of all, he eyed the German fleet with particular interest. The growing numbers of German armored cruisers were a distinct threat to British trade routes and supply lines. And the only way to protect the sea lanes was to hunt down the German cruisers with an overwhelming number of British cruisers. Between 1903 and 1906, Great Britain commissioned ten ships of the Monmouth Class, six ships of the Devonshire Class, and two ships of the Duke Of Edinburgh Class. Though some of these proved to be of slightly dubious quality, both Edward and Fisher knew...”Quantity had a quality all its’ own”. HMS Bedford – Monmouth Class – 1903. Note the bridge, which has been reduced to an armored conning tower with “flying bridge wings” and a wheelhouse. The Monmouth’s (Often called the “County Class”) might actually be called “second class” cruisers. Jackie Fisher’s comment was biting, but succinct – “Sir William White designed the County Class but forgot the guns”. But in all fairness, potential enemy armored cruisers were still rare in 1902, when they were designed. The ships were really only expected to encounter light cruisers and armed merchant cruisers on the sea lanes, and were specifically designed to deal with small, fast cruisers like the French Guichen, Chateaurenault, and Dupleix. Having said that, they were relatively fast ships for their time and could possibly have outrun anything with bigger guns. The Monmouth Class ships were 9,800 tons, 463 feet long, and capable of 23 knots. The main battery consisted of fourteen 6 inch MK VII guns – four of which were mounted in two twin turrets, one fore and one aft. The remaining ten guns were mounted five on either broadside in casemates amidships. Unfortunately, six of the casemates were positioned at the main deck level and were useless in heavy seas. Ten quick-firing 3 inch guns were fitted for torpedo boat defense and two 18 inch submerged torpedo tubes were included. The waterline belt armor was 4 inches amidships, tapering to 2 inches forward (presumably, the stern was unarmored). The gun turrets, barbettes, and casemates were armored with 4 inches. The protective armored deck was 0.75 inches, thickening to 2 inches on the slopes, and the conning tower received 10 inches. Monmouth was lost at the Battle Of Coronel, in 1914, while the other ships did good service and some were instrumental in tracking down and sinking German light cruisers used for commerce raiding early in the war. All were withdrawn from service and scrapped in 1920–21. Devonshire Class - HMS Devonshire – 1905. Again we see the large wooden bridge atop the armored conning tower. In battle the bridge staff was supposed to drop down a ladder into the armored conning tower. In actual practice, many captains chose to command from the bridge to get a better tactical view of the battle. The six ships of the Devonshire Class were all commissioned in 1905, and were “improved” versions of the Monmouth’s intended for commerce protection. Mindful of the previous negative remarks about armament, the 6 inch battery was reduced and 7.5 inch guns were added. The ships displaced 10,850 tons, were 473 feet in length, and capable of 22 knots. The breech-loading 7.5 inch MK I guns were placed in four single turrets, with one aft, and the other three in a triangular arrangement forward. One turret was placed on the forecastle deck, with the other two placed slightly aft and one deck lower (weather deck) on either beam. The MK I’s fired a 200 pound shell out to approximately 14,000 yards. The secondary battery of six 6 inch guns was placed in casemates amidships on either beam. Four of the casemates were at main deck level and were unworkable at any kind of speed or heavy weather. The ships were also equipped with eighteen quick-firing, 3-pounder Hotchkiss guns for torpedo boat defense, but these were later removed when they proved unable to stop modern torpedo craft. Two 18” submerged torpedo tubes rounded out the armament. The Devonshires were “up-armored” with a waterline belt of 6 inches amidships, closed off at both ends by 5-inch armored transverse bulkheads. The turrets were armored with 5 inches, while the barbettes received 6 inches. The protective armored deck was unchanged from the previous class, while the conning tower was increased to 12 inches. HMS Argyll ran aground on Bell Rock near Dundee in October, 1915, and though her entire crew was rescued, the ship was a total loss. HMS Hampshire struck a mine off the mainland of Orkney and was lost on June 5, 1916. Of the 749 souls aboard, only 12 were rescued. Among those lost were the Secretary Of State For War, Lord Kitchner, and his staff. They were en route for Russia to discuss the deteriorating situation on the Eastern Front. The remainder of the class was scrapped 1921-1922. Duke Of Edinburgh Class - HMS Duke Of Edinburgh – 1906. After the Devonshire Class, the British Admiralty decided their cruisers could be put to better use by forming a “fast wing” of the battle fleet. A fast wing would give the battle line a tactical edge over their opponents. The cruiser’s extra speed would allow them to race ahead of the enemy line and cross their “T”, allowing the cruisers to bring all their broadside guns to bear on the leading enemy warship. Or, the fast wing could be used to apply pressure to the van (front) of the enemy line, forcing them to alter course and place them in a less advantageous position. If nothing else, they could be used as scouts to locate the enemy fleet and help bring them to battle. This new tactical employment would, of course, mean the new cruisers would have to have heavier armor and bigger guns. And the higher speed would require more room for engines and boilers, which meant longer hulls and higher costs. Some naval analysts (including the legendary Oscar Parks) have referred to the Duke Of Edinburgh Class as the cruiser version of the contemporary King Edward VII Class pre-dreadnought battleships. They displaced 12,590 tons, were 505 feet long, and could make 23 knots. The cruiser’s main battery was composed of six 9.2 inch MK X guns in single turrets. The Mark X was a much more powerful gun than those mounted in the Devonshires. The guns were arranged with one turret fore and aft, and four wing turrets amidships, abaft the first and fourth funnels. The guns could fire a 380 pound shell at three rounds per minute out to 15,500 yards. The secondary battery of ten 6 inch guns were mounted on the main deck in single embrasures rather than casemates, five on either broadside amidships. And, as usual, the guns on the main deck level were too close to the waterline and were useless in anything but calm seas. They also carried twenty Vickers 3-pounder quick-firing guns for torpedo boat defense, but these were found to be useless, and were removed. Three submerged 18 inch torpedo tubes were fitted with eighteen reloads. The Duke Of Edinburgh and Black Prince were well armored with a 6 inch belt of Krupp Cemented Armor amidships that reached up 14.5 feet to the upper deck and extended nearly 5 feet below the waterline. The belt was only 4 inches out to the bow and 3 inches to the stern, while 6 inch transverse bulkheads closed off the fore and aft ends of the midships central citadel. The gun turrets had 7.5 inches on the front with 5.5 inches on the sides and a 2 inch roof. The barbettes and ammunition hoists were 6 inches, while the embrasure mounted 6 inch guns were separated by 2 inch armor screens. The protective armor deck was, however, only 0.75 of an inch with 1.5 inches over the steering gear and 2 inches over the engines. The conning tower was plated to 10 inches. For those of you wondering why Krupp armor from Germany could be found on a British warship – it was strictly “business”. The decades just before and after the turn of the century were the “Golden Years” for the armaments industries. And representatives (salesmen) of the armaments firms practically went door-to-door across Europe and the entire World drumming up business. The British shipyards of Armstrong, Vickers, and John Brown built ships for Spain, Italy, Greece, Turkey, and Japan. German shipyards built warships for Holland, Norway, Sweden, Greece, Turkey, and even Russia. France sold warships to Russia. Even the Americans got in on the act by building battleships for South American customers and selling two old ones to Greece. (German Stukas bombed and sank them in WW II.) Armstrong sold some of the largest cannon in the world to anyone who had the money to buy them. And Krupp’s massive works at Essen were kept roaring day and night by selling anything to anyone. You could even find some Krupp cannon and Cemented Armor in Teddy Roosevelt’s “Great White Fleet”. Of course the Royal Navy only wanted the best and strongest armor for their warships, so Krupp was paid handsomely to supply it. And – Admiral Hollman’s fear that armored cruisers would eventually find their way into the battle fleet came true with the British Duke Of Edinburgh Class. The sailing frigate had transformed into an ironclad frigate, an unprotected cruiser, a protected cruiser, an armored cruiser for commerce protection, and now an armored cruiser “fast wing” of the battle fleet. From Dupuy de Lome, 1890, to The Duke Of Edinburgh’s planning and design (about 1902), it had taken just twelve years for the ships to find their way into close proximity with the battle fleet. HMS Duke Of Edinburgh was assigned to the 1st Cruiser Squadron of the Grand Fleet at Jutland, in May of 1916, and briefly engaged the German II Scouting Group as well as the German light cruiser Wiesbaden. She suffered no damage or casualties and finished out the war on the North American West Indies Station performing convoy duties. She was scrapped in 1920. HMS Black Prince was serving in the 1st Cruiser Squadron of the Mediterranean Fleet when war broke out in 1914. She participated in the pursuit of the Goeben (German battlecruiser) and was then sent into the Red Sea to search for German merchant shipping. Black Prince took two prizes – the German ocean liners Istria and Sudmark. It is a bit ironic that she actually performed commerce raiding duty – the original mission of an armored cruiser. Ordered to England, she joined the 1st Cruiser Squadron of the Grand Fleet in December, 1914. In May 1916, at Jutland, Black Prince was again deployed with the 1st Cruiser Squadron scouting in advance of the main body of the Grand Fleet. A swirling fire-fight erupted when contact was made with the cruisers of the Hochseeflotte’s 2nd Scouting Group at about 17:42. A lively skirmish ensued with much gunfire and the occasional torpedo track in the water. Fifteen or twenty minutes later, Black Prince had lost sight of the enemy and her own squadron mates, and nothing more was heard from her until she radioed an erroneous submarine sighting report at 20:45. Darkness settled in over the battle area and nothing more was known until about 23:35. The 1st Battle Squadron of the Hochseeflotte was on “high alert” steering southwest for Horn’s Reef when, suddenly, a ship appeared out of the darkness to the east. The enemy ship looked to be an armored cruiser resembling a Duke Of Edinburgh Class. The British vessel scored hits with two 6 inch shells on the battleship Rheinland, then put her helm hard over and tried to run. But it was too close and too late. SMS Thuringen quickly fixed the fleeing cruiser in her searchlight beams and opened fire almost instantly. At least five more ships – including the battleships Nassau, Friedrich der Grosse, and Ostfriesland opened a quick and deadly fusillade. All of the German ships were within 750 to 1,500 yards of the target – point-blank range – zero trajectory shooting for 12 inch guns. Black Prince was hit by a minimum of twelve large caliber shells and an unknown number of 5.9 inch rounds. Within seconds, she burst into a mass of flame from stem to stern and the fires deep inside the hull could be seen through the jagged shell holes. The Germans ceased fire and maintained their course, but they saw the flames disappear about 23:50. Black Prince had gone down with all hands – a loss of 857 officers and men. SMS Thuringen and 1st Battle Squadron open fire on HMS Black Prince at point-blank range. (Art by Willy Stower.) In 1902, when Black Prince was designed to form a “fast wing” of the battle fleet, the officers who formulated the strategy had never seen an armored cruiser under the guns of a battleship. They had no real concept of what they were trying to doing. The British naval officer of the era had grown up in the late Victorian Age and had been spoon-fed a diet of “Nelsonian Superiority”. The Royal Navy was the navy of Nelson, and Francis Drake, and annihilating your enemy in battle. To attack – always attack – and no matter the odds, you fought on until victory was achieved. Nelson had gotten away with it in the Age Of Sail. And Black Prince might have gotten away back then, with a fair wind in her sails. But in the age of steel giants and massive 12 inch guns – this sort of daring-do was no longer possible. And what happened to Black Prince at Jutland, would have happened to the ships of a “fast wing” in 1902 – if it was composed of armored cruisers. An armored cruiser was no more than a “grown-up” frigate, and the Royal Navy had forgotten the “first law” of frigates – “Frigates were NEVER intended to stand in the line of battle.” Neither were armored cruisers. But the idea of a “fast wing” was never tried in battle – and it would resurface in a few years with yet another kind of ship that held out the promise of speed and power. NEXT TIME…… EVOLUTION OF THE ARMORED CRUISER THAT'S NOT ALL...... We have another prop-pack for you ...HISTORIC NAVIES 1900 - Volume 05: Victoria Louise Class Cruisers. I DO HOPE you are enjoying these chapters – rather than being bored out of your mind. I enjoy writing them, but then, I have always been fascinated with the history. Do let me know – I can always write a lot less and post more pictures. MANY THANKS to @Barroco Hispano for his beautiful warships. We haven’t seen many of his models lately, but there are some great ones coming in future chapters. AGAIN, VERY SPECIAL THANKS to my teammate @AP for volunteering his considerable talents and valuable time. The Cuxhaven Series would have been utterly impossible without his generous assisstance. If you enjoyed anything you saw – please punch the “like” button so I will know. A comment would be even more informative. Comments and critiques requested and gratefully accepted. All questions answered promptly to the best of my ability. THANK YOU for your visit! You may wish to visit these CJ’s as well…… SERIES I: IMPERIAL DOCKYARDS: WILHELMSHAVEN SERIES II: IMPERIAL DOCKYARDS: CUXHAVEN Appearing – Work In Publication SERIES III: IMPERIAL DOCKYARDS: BREMERHAVEN Appearing -- ??? And please feel free to drop in at… THE SIMTROPOLIS SHIPYARD https://community.simtropolis.com/forums/topic/761469-simtropolis-shipyard/?tab=comments#comment-1766496

I realize this site enamored with the cauldron of death in Ukraine, and some actually take the MSM circus as defending human rights and democracy. But if you don't, or you think you've invested too much time in your real life to see it go up in a mushroom cloud SAY NO NUCLEAR WWIII!!! https://rageagainstwar.com/#Invitation This has been a PSA to make sure you live to become a debt slave as defined by the World Economic Forum. Thank you.

All that needs to be said...

War is Hell!!! And so is finding military specific lots for SC4. But not anymore with this complete directory of all things military. No more battles with the STEX, unless you make them yourself. From World Wars to border disputes, drug cartels to Middle East conflagrations, coups, skirmishes, conflicts, sortees, insurrections, massive battles, raids and dirty little wars. We got 'em. And with the impending Space Force the sky is no longer the limit. So, buckle up, buttercup, it's time to go full metal jacket. Show us your battles. No era restrictions. And submit any links you might have from LEX or else-where to include in the directory. Make war, not love! Army Bases Army Air Force Base https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/1301-army-air-force-base/ Armybase https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/1874-armybase/ Army Base https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/3680-army-base/ Army Base and Area 51 Base https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/12191-army-base-and-area-51-base/ Army Base 2 with Bob Hope Memorial https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/791-army-base-2-with-bob-hope-memorial/ Army Base w American Flag https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/953-army-base-w-american-flag/ Comando Carabinieri https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/3190-comando-carabinieri/ compact army base https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/23789-compact-army-base/ Custom ArmyBase by Evil Someone https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/17098-custom-armybase-by-evil-someone/ Fort Casper https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/11147-fort-casper/ French Military Base https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/12055-french-military-base/ Future Army Base Mod https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/28756-future-army-base-mod/ Improved Army Base https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/29466-improved-army-base/ Modified Army Base https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/1771-modified-army-base/ PEG Fort Pegasus https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/4563-peg-fort-pegasus/ Petit Base Millitaire https://www.toutsimcities.com/downloads/view/617 Reworked Army Base https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/23223-reworked-army-base/ Small Army Base Ver 2 https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/12445-small-army-base-ver-2/ Smaller Army Base https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/12409-smaller-army-base/ SWAT Training Bases Police and Army versions https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/714-swat-training-bases-police-and-army-versions/ Transit Enabled Army Base https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/20293-transit-enabled-army-base/ Vice City Army Base https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/1027-vice-city-army-base/ Equipment and Extras Advance Missile Testing Range https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/2048-advance-missile-testing-range/ Army Checkpoint https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/264-army-checkpoint/ Army Motorpool https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/3824-army-motorpool/ Army Off-Road Vehicles https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/29549-army-off-road-vehicles/ Army Tent Blue https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/13311-army-tent-blue/ Army Tent Desert https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/13312-army-tent-desert/ Army Tent Desert 2 https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/13313-army-tent-desert-2/ Army Tent Green https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/13310-army-tent-green/ Army Tent Series https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/13314-army-tent-series/ AS Military Police HQ https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/14806-as-military-police-hq/ AS Military Water Tower https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/14970-as-military-water-tower/ BATTLEFIELD: BlPlN - HD Military Props https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/27925-battlefield-blpln-hd-military-props/ Bomb Range https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/23290-bomb-range/ Bunkers https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/22002-bunkers/ Gatling Cannons https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/25292-gatling-cannons/ ICBM Battery https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/22300-icbm-battery/ M1 Abrams V1 (MMP & Prop) (FA) https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/32480-m1-abrams-v1-mmp-prop-fa/ Military Checkpoint with Tanks and Guns https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/23242-military-checkpoint-with-tanks-and-guns/ military checkpoint https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/20268-military-checkpoint/ MIlitary Compulsory Checkpoint https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/1293-military-compulsory-checkpoint/ Military Outpost https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/1951-military-outpost/ Military truck props https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/25465-military-truck-props/ Missile Range X3 https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/17819-missile-range-x3/ Missile Range X10 https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/19874-missile-range-x10/ Modular Motor Pool - Base Set https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/28339-modular-motor-pool-base-set/ Nexis Army Tents https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/3375-nexis-army-tents/ Paeng's Quonset Camp https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/25045-paengs-quonset-camp/ Patriot Missile Override https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/29449-patriot-missile-override/ quad missle silo https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/14072-quad-missle-silo/ Quonset Hut https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/3794-quonset-hut/ Reworked Missile testing range https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/23172-reworked-missile-testing-range/ SAM Batteries V2 https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/25401-sam-batteries-v2/ Sentry Outpost https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/755-sentry-outpost/ SimNation Amoury https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/1126-simnation-amoury/ Small Military Outpost https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/1557-small-military-outpost/ SNM Base Ammo (v1.0) https://www.sc4devotion.com/csxlex/lex_filedesc.php?lotGET=271 SNM Base Dining Hall (v1.0) https://www.sc4devotion.com/csxlex/lex_filedesc.php?lotGET=275 SNM Base HQ (v1.0) https://www.sc4devotion.com/csxlex/lex_filedesc.php?lotGET=278 SNM Base PX (v. 1.0) by SNM https://www.sc4devotion.com/csxlex/lex_filedesc.php?lotGET=279 SNM Base QM (v1.0) https://www.sc4devotion.com/csxlex/lex_filedesc.php?lotGET=296 SNM Base Washracks (v1.0) https://www.sc4devotion.com/csxlex/lex_filedesc.php?lotGET=319 SNM Central Intelligence (v1.0) https://www.sc4devotion.com/csxlex/lex_filedesc.php?lotGET=297 SNM CommsCentre (v1.0) https://www.sc4devotion.com/csxlex/lex_filedesc.php?lotGET=298 SNM Company Offices (v1.0) https://www.sc4devotion.com/csxlex/lex_filedesc.php?lotGET=299 SNM Drill Square (v1.0) https://www.sc4devotion.com/csxlex/lex_filedesc.php?lotGET=300 SNM Field Firing Range - Armour Set (v1.0) https://www.sc4devotion.com/csxlex/lex_filedesc.php?lotGET=104 SNM Field Firing Range - Artillery Set (v1.0) https://www.sc4devotion.com/csxlex/lex_filedesc.php?lotGET=103 SNM Field Firing Range - Base Set (v1.0) https://www.sc4devotion.com/csxlex/lex_filedesc.php?lotGET=102 SNM Field Site (v1.0) https://www.sc4devotion.com/csxlex/lex_filedesc.php?lotGET=301 SNM Jump Tower (v1.0) https://www.sc4devotion.com/csxlex/lex_filedesc.php?lotGET=302 SNM Large Barracks (v1.0) https://www.sc4devotion.com/csxlex/lex_filedesc.php?lotGET=303 SNM Large Motor Pool (v1.0) https://www.sc4devotion.com/csxlex/lex_filedesc.php?lotGET=304 SNM Main Gatehouse (v1.0) https://www.sc4devotion.com/csxlex/lex_filedesc.php?lotGET=305 SNM Medium Barracks (v1.0) https://www.sc4devotion.com/csxlex/lex_filedesc.php?lotGET=306 SNM Medium Motor Pool (v1.0) https://www.sc4devotion.com/csxlex/lex_filedesc.php?lotGET=307 SNM Military Gatehouses BSC (v1.0) https://www.sc4devotion.com/csxlex/lex_filedesc.php?lotGET=1779 SNM Military Rail Yard (v1.0) https://www.sc4devotion.com/csxlex/lex_filedesc.php?lotGET=308 SNM MP Station (v1.0) https://www.sc4devotion.com/csxlex/lex_filedesc.php?lotGET=329 SNM NCO Mess (v1.0) https://www.sc4devotion.com/csxlex/lex_filedesc.php?lotGET=309 SNM Obstacle Course (v1.0) https://www.sc4devotion.com/csxlex/lex_filedesc.php?lotGET=310 SNM Officers Mess (v1.0) https://www.sc4devotion.com/csxlex/lex_filedesc.php?lotGET=311 SNM Parade Square (v1.0) https://www.sc4devotion.com/csxlex/lex_filedesc.php?lotGET=312 SNM Parking Lots (v1.0) https://www.sc4devotion.com/csxlex/lex_filedesc.php?lotGET=330 SNM PMQs (v1.0) https://www.sc4devotion.com/csxlex/lex_filedesc.php?lotGET=313 SNM POL Point (v1.0) https://www.sc4devotion.com/csxlex/lex_filedesc.php?lotGET=314 SNM Small Ammo Bunker (v1.0) https://www.sc4devotion.com/csxlex/lex_filedesc.php?lotGET=315 SNM Small Barracks (v1.0) https://www.sc4devotion.com/csxlex/lex_filedesc.php?lotGET=316 SNM Small Fire Station (v1.0) https://www.sc4devotion.com/csxlex/lex_filedesc.php?lotGET=318 SNM Small Gatehouse (v1.0) https://www.sc4devotion.com/csxlex/lex_filedesc.php?lotGET=331 SNM Small Motor Pool (v1.0) https://www.sc4devotion.com/csxlex/lex_filedesc.php?lotGET=317 SNM Small Power Supply (v1.0) https://www.sc4devotion.com/csxlex/lex_filedesc.php?lotGET=320 SNM Vehicles Mayor Mode Ploppables (v1.0) https://www.sc4devotion.com/csxlex/lex_filedesc.php?lotGET=1943 SNM Water Supply (v1.0) https://www.sc4devotion.com/csxlex/lex_filedesc.php?lotGET=321 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Navy Bases Base militaire marine https://www.toutsimcities.com/downloads/view/114 Domie militaire base navale v 01 https://www.toutsimcities.com/downloads/view/451 Paeng's Coast Guard Airfield https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/24336-paengs-coast-guard-airfield/ PEG CDKN Navy Pier 1 https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/11651-peg-cdkn-navy-pier-1/ PEG CDKN Navy Pier 2 https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/11813-pegcdkn-navy-pier-2/ PEG CDKN Navy Pier 3 https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/13373-peg-cdkn-navy-pier-three/ PEG CDKN Navy Pier 4 https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/13432-peg-cdkn-navy-pier-four/ PEG CDK3 Coast Guard Station https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/19362-peg-cdk3-coast-guard-station/ Equipment and Extras Coast Guard Helicopter https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/23168-coast-guard-helicopter/ Coast Guard Speed Boat https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/23182-coast-guard-speed-boat/ SimCoug's PEG Coast Guard Boats https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/28957-simcougs-peg-coast-guard-boats/ SNM Navy Base Set (v1.0) https://www.sc4devotion.com/csxlex/lex_filedesc.php?lotGET=322 SNM Navy Dry Dock (v1.0) https://www.sc4devotion.com/csxlex/lex_filedesc.php?lotGET=327 SNM Navy Land Based (v1.0) https://www.sc4devotion.com/csxlex/lex_filedesc.php?lotGET=323 SNM Navy LHA (v1.0) https://www.sc4devotion.com/csxlex/lex_filedesc.php?lotGET=324 SNM Navy Security (v1.0) https://www.sc4devotion.com/csxlex/lex_filedesc.php?lotGET=325 SNM Navy Specials (v1.0) https://www.sc4devotion.com/csxlex/lex_filedesc.php?lotGET=326 SNM Naval Supply Bases (v1.0) https://www.sc4devotion.com/csxlex/lex_filedesc.php?lotGET=432 SSN-774 Virginia attack submarine https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/27726-ssn-774-virginia-attack-submarine/ Tabi Amphibious Warefare Vesseis https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/33026-tabi-amphibious-warefare-vesseis/ Tabi Auxiliary Ships https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/33027-tabi-auxiliary-ships/ Tabi Submarine and Tinder https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/33028-tabi-submarine-and-tinder/ Tabi Surface Combatants https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/33029-tabi-surface-combatants/ The SNM SNCG Cutter Station (v1.0) https://www.sc4devotion.com/csxlex/lex_filedesc.php?lotGET=269 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Air Force Bases AirBaseSANYE v1.0 https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/24863-airbasesanye-v10/ AirBaseSANYE v2.0 https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/24875-airbasesanye-v20/ Airfield v20 https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/1217-airfield-v20/ Air Force Base Double Runway https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/19742-air-force-base-double-runway/ Air Force Base Re-Design https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/24758-air-force-base-re-design/ Goldrath AFB https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/2872-goldrath-afb/ Military Airbase https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/26984-military-airbase/ Military Airport https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/27824-military-airport/ Military Airport V2 https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/22121-military-airport-v2/ Mountain Airbase Add-on https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/27226-mountain-airbase-add-on/ Mountain Airforce Base https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/26445-mountain-airforce-base/ PEG MTP Economy Airbase https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/30678-peg-mtp-economy-airbase/ Equipment and Extras Antonov An-225 Mriya Demo https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/28581-antonov-an-225-mriya-demo/ Army plane AWACS https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/24447-army-plane-awacs/ Army plane B2 stealthy https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/24562-army-plane-b2-stealthy/ Army plane C17 https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/24448-army-plane-c17/ Army Plane F16 https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/24454-army-plane-f16/ Army plane F22 stealthy https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/24565-army-plane-f22-stealthy/ Army planes KC 10 https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/24555-army-planes-kc-10/ Army Plane SR71 blackbird https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/24455-army-plane-sr71-blackbird/ Casper A10 Thunderbolt Prop Set https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/11469-casper-a10-thunderbolt-prop-set/ Caspers Harrier Prop Set https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/11468-caspers-harrier-prop-set/ Casper Huey Helicopter Prop Set https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/11470-casper-huey-helicopter-prop-set/ Casper Military Helicopters Osprey Prop Set https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/11471-casper-military-helicopters-osprey-prop-set/ F-16C/D https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/27111-f-16cd/ F22A Fighter https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/21828-f22a-fighter/ Jet Fighter MMPs https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/28391-jet-fighter-mmps/ Jet Fighter Reskin- Avro Arrow https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/27098-jet-fighter-reskin-avro-arrow/ Kamov KA-50 https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/29575-kamov-ka-50/ MI-24 Hind https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/29720-mi-24-hind/ Military Aircraft Re-Lot https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/32748-military-aircraft-re-lot/ Military Jets https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/14046-military-jets/ Presentation of New Fighter Jet https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/1100-presentation-of-new-fighter-jet/ Republic of Aleksania Fighter Jet https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/23183-republic-of-aleksania-fighter-jet/ SC Air Force Fighter jet https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/23180-sc-air-force-fighter-jet/ SC4 Jet Reskin Pack https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/27167-SC4-jet-reskin-pack/ Sukhoi Su-57 https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/32776-sukhoi-su-57/ The Su30MKK Demo version https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/26868-the-su30mkk-demo-version/ UDI Jet Fighters Super Pack https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/27267-udi-jet-fighters-super-pack/ UDI Jet Fighters Super Pack https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/28615-udi-jet-fighters-super-pack/ UH-1 Iroquois "Huey" https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/30971-uh-1-iroquois-huey/ USS Macon https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/29418-uss-macon/ X48B https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/26858-x48b/ Zeppelin https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/15832-zeppelin/ Zeppelin Lots -blunder https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/27091-zeppelin-lots-blunder/ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Military Related Medical MASH Military Hospital https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/24293-mash-military-hospital/ SNM Base Hospital (v1.0) https://www.sc4devotion.com/csxlex/lex_filedesc.php?lotGET=276 Memorials/Cemeteries 2X2 Memorial Square https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/1408-2x2-memorial-square/ Alamo With Tourist https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/24672-alamo-with-tourist/ American Civil War Cemetary v10 https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/410-american-civil-war-cemetary-v10/ Anzac Memorial https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/1332-anzac-memorial/ aTx_NationalWarMemorial https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/25103-atx_nationalwarmemorial/ aTx_VeteranMemorialBuildings https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/24967-atx_veteranmemorialbuildings/ BLaM French Connections Simple Memorial https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/17268-blam-french-connections-simple-memorial/ Cimetière militaire https://www.toutsimcities.com/downloads/view/945 Folley Memorial Plaza https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/17534-folley-memorial-plaza/ Kotwica (Anchor) War Memorial, Warsaw https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/28110-kotwica-anchor-war-memorial-warsaw/ Memorial Day Washinton Monument https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/3475-memorial-day-washinton-monument/ Memorial Park https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/63-memorial-park/ Military Cemetary https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/1038-military-cemetary/ Military demonstration https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/26791-military-demonstration/ New England Holocaust Memorial https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/2031-new-england-holocaust-memorial/ PEG Arizona Memorial v205 https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/4516-peg-arizona-memorial-v205/ PEG Veterans Memorial https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/12600-peg-veterans-memorial/ Small War Memorial https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/252-small-war-memorial/ SM2 Perry's Victory Memorial https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/33215-sm2-perrys-victory-memorial/ Tomb of the Unknown Soldier https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/253-tomb-of-the-unknown-soldier/ Tomb of the Unknown Soldier, Warsaw https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/28111-tomb-of-the-unknown-soldier-warsaw/ Veteran's Park https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/25446-veterans-park/ War Memorial https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/128-war-memorial/ War Veterans Memorial Park https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/951-war-veterans-memorial-park/ Military Schools Military Academy https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/11875-military-academy/ Military Academy II Naval Officers Academy https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/12009-military-academy-ii-naval-officers-academy/ Military School AKA High School https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/211-military-school-aka-high-school/ SNM Naval Technical College (v1.0) https://www.sc4devotion.com/csxlex/lex_filedesc.php?lotGET=431 Special Forces training school https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/12756-special-forces-training-school/ Misc. Apache Grey paint-scheme https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/23179-apache-grey-paint-scheme/ Automata Fix Pack Vol1 https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/29394-automata-fix-pack-vol1/ BSCBATProps RT SNM MAAM (v1.0) https://www.sc4devotion.com/csxlex/lex_filedesc.php?lotGET=1152 BSCBATProps RT SNM Vehicles Vol01 (v1.0) https://www.sc4devotion.com/csxlex/lex_filedesc.php?lotGET=272 BSCBATProps RT SNM Vol01 (v1.0) https://www.sc4devotion.com/csxlex/lex_filedesc.php?lotGET=280 BSCBATProps RT SNM Vol02 (v1.0) https://www.sc4devotion.com/csxlex/lex_filedesc.php?lotGET=273 BSCBATProps RT SNM Vol03 (v1.0) https://www.sc4devotion.com/csxlex/lex_filedesc.php?lotGET=274 Diggis' MML modd for SNM (v1.0) https://www.sc4devotion.com/csxlex/lex_filedesc.php?lotGET=873 Future Army Base Mod https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/28756-future-army-base-mod/ NWM PEG UT AVE-2 MOD https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/26922-nwm-peg-ut-ave-2-mod/ Plantacion de coca http://descargas.capitalsim.net/?sitio=csc&descarga=208 Rockets https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/32641-rockets/ SNM MAAM Parks BSC (v1.0) https://www.sc4devotion.com/csxlex/lex_filedesc.php?lotGET=1153 SNM Misc MM Ploppables BSC (v1.0) https://www.sc4devotion.com/csxlex/lex_filedesc.php?lotGET=2013 The Gadget https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/16700-the-gadget/ Transistor X's Reward Pack 1 https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/30856-transistor-xs-reward-pack-1/ UDI Unlock Kit https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/29365-udi-unlock-kit/ Museums-Statuary Air Force Museum https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/478-air-force-museum/ Air Museum https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/431-air-museum/ Churchill Plaza https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/33804-churchill-plaza/ dictators statue with tanks and spotlights https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/209-dictators-statue-with-tanks-and-spotlights/ Military Museum https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/950-military-museum/ Secret Military Facilities Ammu-Nation http://descargas.capitalsim.net/?sitio=csc&descarga=1050 Area51 6x13 https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/12245-area51-6x13/ Area 51 Air Force Base No Exclusion https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/13478-area-51-air-force-base-no-exclusion/ AREA 51 Testing Center https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/19467-area-51-testing-center/ Civil Defence Tracking Station https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/24065-civil-defence-tracking-station/ ECho base cañón normal http://descargas.capitalsim.net/?sitio=csc&descarga=3307 ECho base cañón tamaño "real" http://descargas.capitalsim.net/?sitio=csc&descarga=3308 Jim's Tank & Jet Factory https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/25506-jims-tank-jet-factory/ Misil ICBM ( Version Landmark ) http://descargas.capitalsim.net/?sitio=csc&descarga=61 New Area 5.1 https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/23232-new-area-51/ NuclearMissile Silo Complex https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/1320-nuclearmissile-silo-complex/ Parque de bomberos http://descargas.capitalsim.net/?sitio=csc&descarga=171 PEG AREA 52 https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/21148-peg-area-52/ Realistic Area 51 https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/2943-realistic-area-51/ Reworked Area51 https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/23208-reworked-area51/ Secret Testing Facility https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/2086-secret-testing-facility/ Supercento Centro de Inteligencia Alienigena http://descargas.capitalsim.net/?sitio=csc&descarga=962 test cannon https://www.bripizza.net/SC4/tcannon/tcannon.html Weapons Research Facility https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/26113-weapons-research-facility/ War-damaged Landscapes Church ruins https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/1280-church-ruins/ METMW: Anhur Colonial City Ruins https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/29806-metmw-anhur-colonial-city-ruins/ NexisRuinsFoundations https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/912-nexisruinsfoundations/ Ruins https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/28393-ruins/ Ruins https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/1634-ruins/ Shipwrecks https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/28325-shipwrecks/ SimCoug's Ruins MMP https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/30690-simcougs-ruins-mmp/ SM2 The Watchtower https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/32897-sm2-the-watchtower/ WW2 Allied Destroyed https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/20067-ww2-allied-destroyed/ WW2 Destroyed Buildings V1 https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/20065-ww2-destroyed-buildings-v1/ WW2 Destroyed Buildings V2 https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/20073-ww2-destroyed-buildings-v2/ WW2 German Destroyed https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/20062-ww2-german-destroyed/ War Specific Ancient Beffroi-prison v 1 https://www.toutsimcities.com/downloads/view/1130 Beffroi2 v 1 https://www.toutsimcities.com/downloads/view/1188 Castel del Monte, Italy https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/33514-castel-del-monte-italy/ Castillo de Bran http://descargas.capitalsim.net/?sitio=csc&descarga=3688 Castle 1100 AD puzzel pieces https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/16490-castle-1100-ad-puzzel-pieces/ Castle set https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/4159-castle-set/ Castle Walls https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/30467-castle-walls/ Castle walls https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/2797-castle-walls/ Château Frontenac Euro-Medieval v 1.1 https://www.toutsimcities.com/downloads/view/1589 City walls 1100 AD puzzel pieces https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/16487-city-walls-1100-ad-puzzel-pieces/ Cori's Castle - Addon Lots Pack https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/32706-coris-castle-addon-lots-pack/ Defence walls https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/2629-defence-walls/ Donjon médiéval https://www.toutsimcities.com/downloads/view/355 Elche: Castillo Palacio de Altamira v.2.0 http://descargas.capitalsim.net/?sitio=csc&descarga=376 Medieval Fort Park https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/1383-medieval-fort-park/ Medieval Sailing Ship https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/23514-medieval-sailing-ship/ Middle Ages Castle Museum v1 https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/2941-middle-ages-castle-museum-v1/ Modular Medieval Port https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/23513-modular-medieval-port/ Norman Castle of Adrano, Sicily. https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/33520-norman-castle-of-adrano-sicily/ Orient City (OC) Starter https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/32769-orient-city-oc-starter/ pack remparts v 3 https://www.toutsimcities.com/downloads/view/1369 Paeng's Historic Castle Walls https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/27884-paengs-historic-castle-walls/ PEG Fuerta De Pego https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/18611-peg-fuerta-de-pego/ PEG Puerta De Pego https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/18610-peg-puerta-de-pego/ Porte de la Craffe v 2.0 https://www.toutsimcities.com/downloads/view/1643 remparts v 1 https://www.toutsimcities.com/downloads/view/1086 Remparts v 2 https://www.toutsimcities.com/downloads/view/1186 SM2 Old Fortresses https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/32717-sm2-old-fortresses/ The Castle of Olaf https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/11216-the-castle-of-olaf/ Tour pour pont fortifié v 1 https://www.toutsimcities.com/downloads/view/1876 Tour+Rempart https://www.toutsimcities.com/downloads/view/935 Indian Wars American Indian Prop MMP https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/30869-american-indian-prop-mmp/ Forest Fort pack V2 https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/23368-forest-fort-pack-v2/ Growable Tee Pees https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/28452-growable-tee-pees/ Native American Shelter Props v1 https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/29211-native-american-shelter-props-v1/ Teepees https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/25485-teepees/ Updated forest fort https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/23433-updated-forest-fort/ Civil War PEG-Civil War Project MMP Pack https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/27665-peg-civil-war-project-mmp-pack/ PEG MTP CWP Carnage Pack https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/20340-peg-mtp-cwp-carnage-pack/ PEG MTP CWP Confederate Battery Pack https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/20403-peg-mtp-cwp-confederate-battery-pack/ PEG MTP CWP Confederate Troops Pack https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/20332-peg-mtp-cwp-confederate-troops-pack/ PEG MTP CWP Union Battery Pack https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/20395-peg-mtp-cwp-union-battery-pack/ PEG MTP CWP Union Troops Pack https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/20328-peg-mtp-cwp-union-troops-pack/ WWII AS UK World War 2 Fortifications https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/14326-as-uk-world-war-2-fortifications/ Coastal Gun Battery http://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/33896-coastal-gun-battery/ Panzer Prop Pack https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/30082-panzer-prop-pack/ Political and historical flags https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/22769-political-and-historical-flags/ Revolutionary movement flags https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/22759-revolutionary-movement-flags/ SaB WWIIAxis Tank Set01 https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/11072-sab-wwiiaxis-tank-set01/ SaB WWII Allies tank set01 https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/11071-sab-wwii-allies-tank-set01/ SM2 Dora https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/32589-sm2-dora/ The Nuclear Bomb https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/2810-the-nuclear-bomb/ WW2 Air Attack https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/20061-ww2-air-attack/ WW2 Allied Props https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/20056-ww2-allied-props/ WWII Coastal Gun Turret/Battery (v1.0) https://www.sc4devotion.com/csxlex/lex_filedesc.php?lotGET=3968 WW2 Fortification Prop Set United Kingdom Ver 2 https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/14501-ww2-fortification-prop-set-united-kingdom-ver-2/ WW2 German Props https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/20052-ww2-german-props/ WW2 German Bunker/Fortification https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/31015-ww2-german-bunkerfortification/ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Maps Iraq/Afghanistan/Middle East A Dictators Daydream, Tripoli. https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/26580-a-dictators-daydream-tripoli/ Amman, Capital of Jordan. https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/28417-amman-capital-of-jordan/ Beirut, Lebanon. https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/27188-beirut-lebanon/ Iran & Iraq https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/23734-iran-iraq/ Kingdom of Bahrain. https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/28372-kingdom-of-bahrain/ Kuwait https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/24187-kuwait/ Lebanon, Tripoli & the Qadisha Valley https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/28381-lebanon-tripoli-the-qadisha-valley/ Middle East https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/5114-middle-east/ Middle East https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/30614-middle-east/ Palestine - The West Bank... and some of the East. https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/28357-palestine-the-west-bank-and-some-of-the-east/ Tehran, Capital of Iran https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/28445-tehran-capital-of-iran/ Tel Aviv, Israel. https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/28421-tel-aviv-israel/ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ Southeast Asia Ha Long Bay, Vietnam https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/27922-ha-long-bay-vietnam/ Hanoi https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/24633-hanoi/ Ho Chi Minh City https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/24613-ho-chi-minh-city/ Laos https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/33526-laos/ TCC Maps - Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/33569-tcc-maps-ho-chi-minh-city-vietnam/ TCC Maps - Phnom Penh, Cambodia https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/33571-tcc-maps-phnom-penh-cambodia/ Vietnam https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/33836-vietnam/ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ Korean Incheon to Seoul. https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/25779-incheon-to-seoul/ Korean Peninsula https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/32197-korean-peninsula/ Map of Soeul Korea https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/12161-map-of-soeul-korea/ Old map of Seoul https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/16662-old-map-of-seoul/ Old Seoul https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/16740-old-seoul/ Pusan Korea https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/15575-pusan-korea/ Pyongyang is in the game. https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/26497-pyongyang-is-in-the-game/ Pyongyang North Korea ver 10 https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/12057-pyongyang-north-korea-ver-10/ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ World Wars I & II European Theater 4 Euro Cities https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/23955-4-euro-cities/ Africa Spain Italy Middle East Arabia Saudi Iraq and Iran https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/5719-africa-spain-italy-middle-east-arabia-saudi-iraq-and-iran/ Budapest, Capital of Hungary https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/28363-budapest-capital-of-hungary/ Cyprus https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/29250-cyprus/ Europe https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/5336-europe/ Europe https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/32190-europe/ Hungary and some neighboring countries https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/29245-hungary-and-some-neighboring-countries/ Kasserine - Tunisia https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/27231-kasserine-tunisia/ Liège, Belgium. https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/26581-li%C3%A8ge-belgium/ MF - Oslo - Norway https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/25632-mf-oslo-norway/ Romania and some neighboring countries https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/29242-romania-and-some-neighboring-countries/ Romanian Country Beta https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/29190-romanian-country-beta/ The English Channel https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/19547-the-english-channel/ The Mediterranean https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/5320-the-mediterranean/ The Mediterranean Sea https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/24407-the-mediterranean-sea/ Western Europe https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/32196-western-europe/ WWII Map Pack One https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/24870-wwii-map-pack-one/ Germany Berchtesgaden, Germany https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/28076-berchtesgaden-germany/ Berlin Germany https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/14841-berlin-germany/ Germany Part 1 https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/20622-germany-part-1/ Germany without neighbours https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/20879-germany-without-neighbours/ Hamburg https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/11148-hamburg/ Hamburg https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/30885-hamburg/ Hamburg.zip https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/28563-hamburgzip/ Northern Germany https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/30052-northern-germany/ Nuremberg https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/27584-nuremberg/ Nuremberg Germany https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/15629-nuremberg-germany/ On the coast between Oldenburg and Hamburg. https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/26911-on-the-coast-between-oldenburg-and-hamburg/ Schleswig https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/30855-schleswig/ Schwerin - Germany  https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/27633-schwerin-germany/ Italy Corsica and Sardinia https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/31991-corsica-and-sardinia/ Italy https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/5828-italy/ Italy https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/26465-italy/ ITALY Reborn https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/13142-italy-reborn/ Italy Sicily Corsica and Sardinia https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/5523-italy-sicily-corsica-and-sardinia/ L'italie https://www.toutsimcities.com/downloads/view/80 Little Italy https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/27501-little-italy/ Messina and Mount Etna, Sicily. https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/25894-messina-and-mount-etna-sicily/ Rome Italy https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/14731-rome-italy/ Sicilia https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/27508-sicilia/ The Eternal City... Roma https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/26803-the-eternal-city-roma/ Russia Crimean Peninsula https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/29896-crimean-peninsula/ Kiev Rivers and Harbour https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/15326-kiev-rivers-and-harbour/ Kiev Ukraine https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/12896-kiev-ukraine/ Leningrad Oblast https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/32644-leningrad-oblast/ Map Squad Saint Petersburg https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/12932-map-squad-saint-petersburg/ Moscow Russia https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/5861-moscow-russia/ MOSCOW with suburbs LARGE https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/14605-moscow-with-suburbs-large/ MOSCOW with suburbs small https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/14604-moscow-with-suburbs-small/ Moskva, Capital of Russia. https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/26798-moskva-capital-of-russia/ Sevastopol - Ukraine https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/27273-sevastopol-ukraine/ Soviet Union https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/32194-soviet-union/ England Big UK map https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/15081-big-uk-map/ London England https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/15441-london-england/ London relief https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/5404-london-relief/ MF - London and metro area https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/25623-mf-london-and-metro-area/ Stylised Britain https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/14966-stylised-britain/ United Kingdom https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/31292-united-kingdom/ France Dunkerque https://www.toutsimcities.com/downloads/view/852 France https://www.toutsimcities.com/downloads/view/118 France V20 https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/5330-france-v20/ La France https://www.toutsimcities.com/downloads/view/333 Lyon https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/11841-lyon/ Lyon France https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/5684-lyon-france/ Lyon France https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/15073-lyon-france/ Lyon, on the Rh?ne in France https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/25918-lyon-on-the-rh%EF%BF%BDne-in-france/ Omaha Beach https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/25005-omaha-beach/ Omaha Beach Normandy https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/15717-omaha-beach-normandy/ Paris https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/11650-paris/ Paris https://www.toutsimcities.com/downloads/view/145 Paris France https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/5690-paris-france/ Paris real size https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/20419-paris-real-size/ WWII D-Day Landings Map Pack https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/25263-wwii-d-day-landings-map-pack/ Poland Poland https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/10956-poland/ Krakow https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/16811-krakow/ Kraków, Poland. https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/28388-krak%C3%B3w-poland/ Warsaw, Capital of Poland. https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/28480-warsaw-capital-of-poland/ Pacific Theater Guam https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/27189-guam/ Midway Atoll https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/14722-midway-atoll/ NHP Pearl Harbor by blade2k5 https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/20226-nhp-pearl-harbor-by-blade2k5/ Saipan https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/5233-saipan/ Solomon Islands https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/32175-solomon-islands/ Wake Island https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/27186-wake-island/ Japan Hiroshima, Japan. https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/27042-hiroshima-japan/ Japan https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/5572-japan/ Japan https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/26460-japan/ Japan https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/30610-japan/ Japan https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/32192-japan/ Map of Tokyo Update https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/19078-map-of-tokyo-update/ Mapp Squad Tokyo https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/12121-mapp-squad-tokyo/ MF - Tokyo https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/25591-mf-tokyo/ Nagasaki, another phoenix.. - Japan https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/27203-nagasaki-another-phoenix-japan/ NHP Japan Pak 2 by blade2k5 and papab2000 https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/20709-nhp-japan-pak-2-by-blade2k5-and-papab2000/ NHP Japan Pak 3 by blade2k5 and papab2000 https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/20708-nhp-japan-pak-3-by-blade2k5-and-papab2000/ NHP Japan Pak 4 by blade2k5 and papab2000 https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/20707-nhp-japan-pak-4-by-blade2k5-and-papab2000/ NHP Japan Pak 5 by blade2k5 and papab2000 https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/20706-nhp-japan-pak-5-by-blade2k5-and-papab2000/ NHP Japan Pak by Blade2k5 and Papab2000 https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/20674-nhp-japan-pak-by-blade2k5-and-papab2000/ Okinawa https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/16827-okinawa/ Osaka https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/22984-osaka/ Osuka https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/14576-osuka/ SIM-ple Jack's Maps of the Macabre- Unit 731 https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/33547-sim-ple-jacks-maps-of-the-macabre-unit-731/ The terrain of OKINAWA Ocean City - Front Mission 3 https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/27237-the-terrain-of-okinawa-ocean-city-front-mission-3/ Tokyo City Map https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/18715-tokyo-city-map/ Tokyo, Japan https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/28198-tokyo-japan/ Tokyo Pak 1 by blade2k5 and papab2000 https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/20767-tokyo-pak-1-by-blade2k5-and-papab2000/ Tokyo Pak 2 by blade2k5 and papab2000 https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/20768-tokyo-pak-2-by-blade2k5-and-papab2000/ Tokyo and Yokohama https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/11593-tokyo-and-yokohama/ https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/33547-sim-ple-jacks-maps-of-the-macabre-unit-731/ Philippines Manila Bay 2350 https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/19680-manila-bay-2350/ Manila Philippines https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/22235-manila-philippines/ Manila Philippines https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/22223-manila-philippines/ Manila Philippines Ver2 https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/12796-manila-philippines-ver2/ NHP Manila Philippines https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/21511-nhp-manila-philippines/ Philippines https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/29010-philippines/ Philippines Map Pak https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/25274-philippines-map-pak/ The Philippine https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/23733-the-philippine/ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ Other Bogotá, Colombia. https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/30890-bogot%C3%A1-colombia/ Congo River https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/11081-congo-river/ Cuba.zip https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/31231-cubazip/ Falklands https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/29254-falklands/ Havana https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/15645-havana/ Mexico and Central America https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/32193-mexico-and-central-america/ New Orleans https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/26955-new-orleans/ New Orleans https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/5685-new-orleans/ New Orleans and District https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/15053-new-orleans-and-district/ New Orleans region https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/15634-new-orleans-region/ NHP New Orleans By blade2k5 https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/22525-nhp-new-orleans-by-blade2k5/ SIM-ple Jack's Maps of the Macabre- Entebbe https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/33708-sim-ple-jacks-maps-of-the-macabre-entebbe/ SIM-ple Jack's Maps of the Macabre- Rorke's Drift https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/33959-sim-ple-jacks-maps-of-the-macabre-rorkes-drift/ West Point https://community.simtropolis.com/files/file/5720-west-point/

Hey, just how much effort should i put into making a thread like this i think right now. So i just want to see the interest here in the SimCity community and your knowledge and experience with this game type in general that resembles the old board games made in the U.S over several decades ago, the Avalon Hill producers for example. The Squad Leader series should perhaps ring a bell for somebody into those games that was a close resemblance to the PC game series Close Combat as well. So for example; if you think that the PC game Europa Universalis 4 was one GREAT game to play i will straight away disagree with you since i think it was one hack of a game made by those producers and why they get away with games like that is just because the market, all gamer´s have such a low standard when it comes to games these days from what i have seen. I don´t want to sound arrogant here but will say that i have experience of games by now that stretches 4 decades back to Pong the game with more or less constant gaming, since i at least was one avid gamer before (since 5 years or so the interest have dropped off), so now not so much. But lets talk about it if you think you´re up for it. Games like Sid Meier´s Gettysburg and his The battle of Antietam was also good when they were released back then for example and some more. P.S I want to make my comments to the point and thorough but some trash, irrelevant mumbo jumbo might slip in as well when i make them since i´m no fancy pants person with any higher degree of education!

So Russia intervened, the "kurds" or "kurder" in Swedish withdrew and Turkey accepted to end any hostilities as far as i know so it´s peace for now at least in that area. But that Turkish president Erdogan seems to be a bit on the brutal side overall when using phosphorus on the civilians for example but that will probably not be the end of it entirely if i may take a guess on it. Much like Ireland perhaps where it just is one prolonged friction between two groups and i just say....CALM DOWN! Stop it and put down all arms entirely. It´s not that hard if you want to, trust me. The difficult thing for the human race is to say now in unison when the politicians are ready to let YOU fight. They would never dream themselves to put themselves in harms way, nor the rich. They know what´s what and are no fools. The common man neither, and we have a heart at least. Edit: And guts, lets keep em´on the inside of ourselves shall we.

After 12 years of bloody war, both the West – Carte – and the East – Ula – had ran out of resources and people. They had to sign a peace treaty but business was unfinished, so tensions remained. However, with the war over, time and effort could be put into reconstruction and technologies of war like ships and guns could be put to use for trade and policing. Some major new projects in Branny include two aqueducts: Project 10 - Vidupe aqueduct Project 11 - Sama-Branny Aqueduct But also the extension of existing ports to accommodate the new bigger ocean-fairing ships... Tearu before year 15S extension project Tearu after the project Constructing the Sama-Branny aqueduct... This was also the start of King Norada Utama, also known as Utama the first, long and prosperous kingdom, marked by ocean exploration, diplomacy with other cultures, and as you can see, architectural projects and expansion. Trading also became a big part of daily life, a real business, with the birth of the first associations, making use of ships as the main means of transport. In the end, war didn't just bring death and destruction, but also advancement and prosperity. The paradoxes of life... But, as I said earlier, Ula was not satisfied with the peace treaty. There would be a second war in the foreseeable future. In the next episode...

Are there any good cold war era strategy/ political Simulation games? Or are most cold war era games bad? And there are not really good cold war era games?

A lot can happen in 14 years of peaceful kingdom. Things we can see… And things we can’t… I present you Tesu Sami, a young boy, son of a farmer family. Tesu was with his father at the cabin, cutting woods, when he heard weird noises and decided to step out and have a look around, while his father kept on going with the work. It was more like a playful break. Least did he know that those noises came from mounted scouts, hasting through the woods, surely not from Fadalipe or any of Carte’s great army. Tesu recognised the insigna they sported as Ula’s army. What were they doing so far into Fadalipe’s territory? Such a trespass could cause trouble. Worried, he hussled back at the cabin and found his parents slaugthered. He didn’t have time to sorrow, because the cavalrymen spotted him and chased him through the woods. He had to endure the entire night outdoor in the cold, in a small cave by the Korani lake, before he could walk back downhill to the hometown of Balupite… The village people at first did not believe him. He stole a horse from his uncle and left in a hurry, while his uncle and aunt checked out the cabin. Later they would join him in the trip towards Fadalipe, because the army would come through the village to pillage it. What you see there is what was before the army came by. What is left now is a pile of rubble… Tesu’s trip with his uncle and aunt towards Fadalipe was long and exhausting. They had to travel through the woods on Brindham Road to Brindham, anoher small village leading to the Thieren river, and from there a long stretch to Keranino, galloping by the mighty MusidomaCastle… This is only halfway, but a number of days was passed already. Tesu wished for a faster way to travel. Remember, in those times they didn’t have railway of airplanes. Horses were the only way to go, if not maybe boats, but sometimes boats weren’t an option. In Tesu’s case, travelling by ferry would have been too expensive. Once at Aloravorn, on the Rompock river shore, they did board a ferry though, to cross the river to Croravorn… From there, a final stretch into the woods brought them finally to the mighty city of Fadalipe, sorrounded by strong walls, although not finished… Little Tesu knew that, by the time they arrived, King Sono was already dead. The city of Fadalipe was locked down, and they could not enter. They had to stop just outside the gate, in the village of Vidupe, to rest and wait to find out what was going on. They waited for two days. Then finally the Supreme Court announced the details of the death of the King: “King Sono left us five days ago at the hands of a member of the royal court, in association with the Grandouchy of Tavulna. This person is now in prison and we cannot reveal his or her identity. It is with great sorrow that we must announce new elections for the throne as Suni Sono left us no eligible heralds. This even also marks the start of a war with the East” So here we are, on the first day of war. Tesu would come back home orphan, to live with his uncle and aunt, in a house of rubble than needs rebuilding, in time of war, which means they will also have to serve in the army very soon. The call of duty could come in years or tomorrow… ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

International hacking organization Anonymous recently declared war on Donald Trump, meaning they plan to "dig up old dirt" to ruin his image, as well as shut down his website. http://mic.com/articles/137914/anonymous-just-declared-war-on-donald-trump-with-massive-cyberattack#.fAeztJgRV Will this impact his campaign in any way, positive or negative?

Thank you everyone who have commented! Judging by it, it seems I'm heading in the right direction! Replies, @kingofsimcity Thank you Sir! Comic Sans is decent enough for me but the choices are a bit limited here! @Ln X Yes, but not quite complete! There's plenty of work left to do that'll keep me busy for quite some time. It's 7 x 7 all large maps! I think my favorite part of building up a region is laying out the forests. I won't plant on flat land or rolling hills as they'll be developed. I do plan on adding tree lines and small patches of woods later on. @Swordmaster Thanks! @raynev1 I think a good backstory will give a region character! This entry ought to bring the region up to it's current time which will be just short of the second World War. Thanks for following and the stars! @kschmidt I've studied old maps of my area from the 1950s on up. Once you left the city limits you were in farmlands as far as the eye could see. No sprawl, just small towns and villages. No shopping centers, business parks, and no freeways! I'm trying to replicate that now and then go crazy on the 'burbs but that's probably not gonna happen anytime soon and there will be plenty of farm left over. @MilitantRadical Thanks! It's only gonna get more wicked as time goes by. Now onto the CJ...... By the early 1800's, Lancaster had become a hub of activity both in the city and in the country side. Immigrants continued to filter in, one group in particular were the Anabaptist from Germany. Also known as the Amish and the Mennonites, they were attracted to William Penn's promise of freedom of religion, they came to Pennsylvania to escape the religious persecution of their people in both the 18th and 19th centuries. They were a people who worked the land and upon arriving to the region they found the soil to be richer and easier to farm then what they had in Europe. It wasn't long until the area was being dubbed the "Garden Spot of America" a term that's used to this day. During the War of 1812, Lancaster Barracks was once again called into action by forming and training new and old soldiers alike. The city also did it's part by supplying the Army with uniforms, weapons, ammunition, and food rations for the troops. After the war many citizens turned their attention south of the Mason-Dixon line. Slavery was outlawed in Pennsylvania and and due to it's location, Lancaster became an important hub to the Underground Railroad. Once a fugitive slave made it across the M-D, they were given the choice to settle in the North, continue to Canada, or return to their homelands. Tensions were high all along the M-D and even though Lancaster County shared only 5 miles of it, there were many noted skirmishes between slave hunters and those suspected of harboring fugitive slaves. The region produced many abolitionists who would go on to fight against slavery and rights for the former slaves after the Civil War. Lancaster was the home of the states only citizen to hold the Office of the President. James Buchanan was the 15th POTUS, holding office from 1857 to 1861. Many in the North did not have favorable views of President Buchanan. Many believed that he sided more with the pro slave South and sat on his rear on the issue while trying to expand American influence to the Caribbeans and Central America. Towards the end of his term, the war drums began to beat as the southern states began to talk of seceding from the Union. That talk became reality the end 1860 when the state of South Carolina seceded from the Union, several other southern states followed suit and a few months later the Confederate States of America was organized. The CSA took over all federal facilities located within their boundaries thru eminent domain, President Buchanan did nothing to prevent this, just sat on his rear. President Buchanan eventually did call for the mobilization of the Federal Troops but it was too late, his words fell on deaf ears in Congress. Nothing further was done to prepare or prevent the coming conflict. By the time Abraham Lincoln was inaugurated, war was at the gates. As horrendous as the Civil War was, Lancaster benefited greatly from the economic prosperity that it brought. Tens of thousands of troops rotated thru Lancaster Barracks for training before hitting the battlefields of the south. A permanent medical school was established at the Barracks as an attempt to improve battlefield survivability, which it did at the cost of many troops returning home with limbs missing. Many factories and shops sprouted up in the city and surrounding towns to meet the supply demands needed at Lancaster Barracks, adjoining farmland was cleared to make way for tent cities for the incoming troops. While no direct combat actions took place in the county, the citizens and soldiers in the Susquehanna River town of Columbia prevented the Confederate Army from crossing the river and occupying the region on June 28th 1863. In a last ditch effort to thwart the approaching Northern Virginia Army, the covered bridge spanning the mile wide river was burned forcing the army to turn back. Less then a week later, the battle of Gettysburg was fought. While the war ended in 1865 and even after the assassination of President Lincoln, the war over civil rights would last for many years to come. After the Civil War and the dawn of the industrial revolution, the region experienced explosive growth. The city from 1860 to 1880 grew from 22,540 to 39,200. The city became a hub for manufacturing of various goods, along the Susquehanna, steel mills were constructed to meet the demands of a growing and expanding nation. during this time a shopping and entertainment districts were established in center city. Financial companies also began to flourish. On April 1st 1898, the capital building burned to the ground. People at first thought that it was a prank at first until seeing the burned out and half collapsed shell of what was the cities most prominent building. The governor who had just returned from an overseas trip to Europe vowed to rebuild the capital building more grander then any in America. The new building was completed in on July 4th 1910 which was heavily inspired by the Hungarian Parliament Building, to which the governor had seen being constructed during his trip. By January 1st 1900, Lancaster City had grown to 78,950 and had no signs of slowing it's growth. Here are some shots of just a few prominent places around the city during the 1800's that were taken in the early 1930s. The new capitol building with the Commonwealth Park and it's unique pond shaped like the state boundary. City Hall, the large domed building was constructed in 1899 and is a smaller replica of the origional capital building that had burned down. The building to its right is the original city hall built in 1788. The Lancaster-Union Shot Tower, once the tallest structure in the country was constructed in response of the War of 1812. The Lancaster Federal Penitentiary was built in 1804 and houses only the worst of the worst violent criminals. It has a capacity of 66 inmates and due to it's ultra strict protocols, there has never been an escape at this facility. Originally it served as the county prison until 1880 when overcrowding forced the county to construct a larger facility. The Lancaster Central Market was built in 1800 and is the oldest continually operated farmers market in the country. The Brunswick Hotel, built in 1833 was the center of social life in the region well into the 20th century. It still remains a hot spot for the social eliete. The Fulton Theater (top, 1888) and the Republic Opera House (bottom, 1801) are the anchors of the Entertainment District. Many thespians got there break here before moving onto Broadway, Vaudeville, and Hollywood. There is also the Rembrandt Theater (1875) and the Little Tokyo Theater (1897). They were constructed as a result of the economic boom the region experienced during this time, many more theaters are to come making the Entertainment District a popular destination from up and down the eastern seaboard. Musser Park on the eastern edge of Center City was founded in 1830 and is the largest park in the Center City neighborhood. The Old Colonial Cemetery which layed its first person to rest in 1729 and closed due to being at capacity in 1866. Finally the Conestoga Wagon Works, the oldest industrial building in the county built in 1715 and rebuilt in 1852 after a fire. The CCW built the famous Conestoga wagon from 1715 until 1893 and was instermental in the expansion of the nation. The CCW would later become Conestoga Motor Works and then the Murphy Automotive Works. I think in the next update I'll go thru the different neighborhoods in the city. Tomorrow I go back to work for the first time this year.....YAY!! I had a ruptured appendix at the beginning of the year which allowed me to build up this region greatly in the past month! I don't know when I'll get around to the next update but it should be next weekend or maybe sooner if works quiet! As always I appreciate any comments, critiques, and advice!

The Final Chapter Dear fellow simtropolers, this will be the final entry for the city journal of Leningrad. I want to thank all of you for your amazing support in every single entry. It is always a great pleasure to read your opinions, feedback, and (why not admit it) praises. In this I can't complain, as you all have pushed Leningrad to the top spot of BTT 16 weeks in 2015! The last picture I want to post is the first picture I uploaded. I had it in my mind for several weeks before I even had the idea of creating the city journal of Leningrad. In a way, it made it all possible. So what's next? There was a city journal called Antarctica that I abandoned after 7 updates to start the project of Leningrad. In this months I decided that as soon as I have some free time I would reset the whole thing and start from the beginning with more detail and care. Urban development is going to be one of the key areas of the new Antarctica, showing you the whole process, from the briefing to the construction; from the master plan to the reality. Photoshop is coming back and I will be using it a lot in the adventures to come (don't want to spoil the fun yet!). And last but not least, how can a city exists without its little and not-so-little stories? The Sims 3 will again be my tool to show you what happens inside the houses and in the streets of Alexandria. This is the Preface and first entry, posted again with some reworks and adjustments: ANTARCTICA

I am really surprised that no one particularly wanted to discuss this situation. What we have on our hands worldwide is a volkerwandrung caused by religious and ethnic intolerance not seen since WW II. Here is an opening discussion point. The remainder of the Kurdi family have come to Canada in the current effort.

I've written this from the comfort of my provisional residence during our time in counteroffensive against the Hydrakoneians--at the Drakonfaucem Estate on the west side of Dragon's Head Island. The view is nice but the place suffers from vermin and disease festering on the swampy grounds. From this week's field visit to assess our preparations, paired with the scouting reports of third party accounts and our spies we have managed to compile a report of the situation of our next objectives. I'll be presenting it to the other members of the Council of the Republic and their team of advisors and ministers: THE SHIPYARD AND BASE OF OPERATIONS: Our shipyard has completed its fourth Aquamare ship, and we have gathered enough material to start work on two more. One of the new captains hired for their operation has brought us the concern that our shipyard may not be defended enough, especially not since our bay's fort has suffered major damage in the latest skirmish. The bay's defenses, at present, include the now damaged fort, a lighthouse aiding our scouting maneuvers and the narrow inlet to our harbor. Military engineers have proposed building two additonal forts: one on the opposite end of the bay's inlet and a third to secure the land supply line to the peninsula's fort. In addition they also propose adding a second layer of walls around the first fort in order to provide redundancy for the main military facility of our stronghold. Restoring our main fort is our current maximum priority SCOUTING REPORT FROM DRAKENSBERG: Our gathered information indicates mostly good news: the citizens are safe, the fields have limited damage and most monuments are safe and sound! Unfortunately not all monuments are in good shape. My official residence as Council Master of the Republic, the Palace of Winds, has been torn down and brought into ruins!! only the foundations and the sturdiest walls remain in place. Meanwhile they siphoned the city's resources into building a new palace for the military governor instituted by the Kingdom of Hydrakonei--spectacularly lavish waste of Drakenburguoise resources!!! The Drakensberg Port, or at least what's left of it, has been slowly armed since our defeat. They keep the three captured Aquamare ships, while also bringing reinforcements of their own fleet! What will be advantageous to our counterstrike is that the development of the city's commercial strip along the port has included infill of the riverbanks, this has reduced drastically the maneuvering space available for ships exiting the estuary. Maybe our counteroffensive will be successful enough... Providing great relief we have also found out the Drakensberg Cathedral remains safe and sound: no treasures, relics nor architectural features have suffered damage, replacement or destruction. The Town Square and the city hall also remain nicely in place. SCOUTING REPORT FROM TARAZED: Further investigation of the most recently captured cities paints a different scene in Tarazed--an important crossroads location between the continent and Dragon's Head Island. The city itself is very intact, save for the temple which has been replaced with that ugly looking Hydrakoneian shrine! They have also started fortifying the strait leading to Dragon's Head Island--currently a no man's land after the truce. What used to be a modest gatehouse to provide upkeep for the island's bridge and some of its forts now is a barrier to the free transit of commerce between us Drakenburguoise and the rest of the region. The town's forces also appear to be strengthening, albeit at a much slower pace. The town itself remains unfortified, and the harbor now provides safe berthing to two ships, with a third ship being identified on the move to this small harbor. All in all, the situation looks fairly easy to handle--its our extremely limited assortment of resources on the island that restricts a more devisive course of action. However, we have one nice opportunity to further develop Dragon's Head Island--its soft, flat expanses are very welcoming for agriculture, while its southern waters teem rich with sea creatures to feed our population.

"- Am I at Smolny? - Yes, this is Smolny" - Lieutenant Sukhomlin interrogates a guard, not being able to recognize any building in the area due to street defences and camouflage 9/9/1941 - In this picture we see several low-medium wealth buildings in the historical area of Peski, east of Suvorovskiy Prospekt. The name of "Peski", meaning "Sands", describes the nature of the soil. The streets are full of wooden boards protecting shop windows, and everywhere there are Soviet posters attempting to rise the morale of the citizens. Two buildings have been destroyed during the last barrage, one north of 5-ya Sovetskaya Ulitsa and the other south of 4-ya Sovetskaya Ulitsa. An example of Soviet propaganda; it reads "destroy the German monster". Nevsky Prospekt showing wooden boards on every store window. 9/9/1841 - A hundred years before the first picture was taken, the Church of the Nativity was the centerpiece of Peski. Sadly, Soviet authorities ordered its destruction in 1937 and today only the name of the square remembers its location. Horizontal streets in this historical area were numbered 1 to 9 Nativity Street, but they were re-baptised as 1-9 Sovetskaya Ulitsa (Soviet Street). Disclaimer: This CJ includes original photos taken during the siege. To my knowledge none of them is protected by copyright, but if I were wrong I'm happy to delete any picture that infringes the law. ----------------------------------[AUTHOR'S COMMENT]---------------------------------- I hope you enjoyed both the huge mosaic and the old-fassioned picture :-) I'd also like to mention that a some years ago it was announced that the Church of the Nativity was going to be rebuilt in the exact same location were it once stood. If you check Google Earth you'll find the square fenced and most of the park gone. Looking forward to read your comments!

"No, I have forgotten nothing, but even the dead and the victims will rise from the grave at your call. We will all rise, and not I alone" - Olga Berggolts, about her Motherland 5/5/1941 - Smolny Institute serves as headquarters for the Soviet Party in Leningrad. All important members of the city council have their offices in the building, and the defense of the city is directed from here. Long before Smolny Institute became Lenin's residence in 1917, the building had been comissioned as the Institute for Noble Maidens, a significant step in making education available for females in Russia. 5/8/1941 - Being one of the favourite targets of the German Artillery, Smolny Institute was soon covered with a camouflage net Andrei Zhdanov, leader of the Soviet Party in Leningrad. He has the leading role in the defense of the city. 28/7/1941 - The impressive Smolny Convent, built between 1748 and 1764 to house Elizabeth, daughter of Peter the Great, after she decided to become a nun. The church was closed in 1923 by the Soviet authorities and it's been in decay ever since then. A 1600x900 wallpaper featuring both the Smolny convent and the institute (click to enlarge). Disclaimer: This CJ includes original photos taken during the siege. To my knowledge none of them is protected by copyright, but if I were wrong I'm happy to delete any picture that infringes the law. ----------------------------------[AUTHOR'S COMMENT]---------------------------------- For this update I have probably invested more hours than ever in Lot Editor and Photoshop, and the truth is that I'm quite happy with the result. The okrug of Smolny is one of the most beautiful in modern Saint Petersburg, but during the siege it was a real fortress. I will show you more in the next updates :-) Looking forward to read your opinions and feedback!

"My son sleeps in a bomb shelter and knows the sound of the air raid sirens as well as the words "to talk" and "to eat". There's no good news; not yet. But we will wait. We will fight" - Vera Ketlinskaya, radio broadcast on October 19th 8/9/1941 - A wave of German Junkers has dropped several thousand of bombs in Tsentralny, more intensively in the area of Smolny and its surroundings. In this picture we see an inmense hole on the ground caused by the explosion of a 1.000 pounds bomb. Almost 70 metres below the surface appears Chernyshevskaya station. Construction of the metro began in January, but it had to be halted at the outbreak of the war. 28/10/1941 - Bolshoy Dom ("The Big House") is the headquarters of the NKVD (People's Commissariat for Internal Affairs) and the recently created NKGB (People's Commissariat for State Security). Since the beginning of the war almost everyone is suspicious of cooperating with the enemy. Even though the building has suffered damage from shelling, another execution has taken place in the courtyard. This famous poster by the NKGB reads "Pay attention, these days the walls are listening. Close from chatter and gossip to treason. Do not talk!" 18/9/1941 - As soon as the Leningraders hear the air raid sirens they all run to the nearest underground shelter. While the German aviation dominates the skies, thousands of people live their lives beneath the streets of the city. In this picture we see the entrance to one of these shelters, just behind Kuybyshev Hospital near Liteyny Prospekt. Women and children entering a bomb shelter. 10/7/1941 - The Holy Transfiguration Cathedral is located in Preobrazhenskaya Square, not far from Chernyshevskaya station. An air-raid shelter for 500 people has been constructed in the basement, where first aid can be given to the wounded. Disclaimer: This CJ includes original photos taken during the siege. To my knowledge none of them is protected by copyright, but if I were wrong I'm happy to delete any picture that infringes the law. ----------------------------------[AUTHOR'S COMMENT]---------------------------------- To preserve historical accuracy I must admit that Chernyshevskaya metro station had not been built yet by the time of the siege. However I wanted to show you that there were actually some tunels and rails already built under the city, that during the war were used as shelters. I had that image of the sunken station in my wish list and I wanted to give it some credible background. Again, I hope you enjoyed and I'm eager to read your comments and opinions :-D See you next week!