Looking through the HTTP requests the game makes, it makes a request to update.prod.SimCity.com.
I documented the API here: https://github.com/TornadoCookie/simcity5-api-docs/blob/main/update.prod.SimCity.com.txt
I wrote a program in C which downloads the SimCity update files: https://github.com/TornadoCookie/OpenSC5/blob/main/tests/test_update.c
To my surprise, the data files for every version of every DLC and every data file for SimCity are there, available for download.
The earliest one dating back to Jan 31, 2013, a month before the game released.
Running the game with these early data files doesn't do much, as it just updates itself to the latest version.
There are also the scripts to several DLC that are unavailable now, like the MetroMarkt, Telia, Play, Metro, and MicroMania sets.