Yep this is puzzling me too. The only reason I can think for sudden clouds of air pollution appearing in my city is Cars exhasts. I have no industrial buildings at all and my dirty utilities are all on the downwind side of the map far away from everything. I tried increasing my bus services and it seemed to stop the random appearance of clouds of air pollution for a bit but then as I was watching a massive brown cloud just appeared out of nowhere over about 1/3 of my cities residental area. I'm not sure this game is playing fair, which confuses me because Maxis gave us all these cool tools to observe the behavior of our cities so if the cities are cheating there is a good chance we'll spot it. I'm reserving judgement until a few more peoples observations come in. I really hope it's not just using RNG to simulate the numbers. I wanted a city simulator based off logic not random number generation.
If anyone knows what to do to mitigate this early game air pollution can you please let me know?
Ta